Economics of R&D and innovation

Publisher: Elsevier NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Technological Forecasting and Social Change. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Technological Forecasting and Social Change, [(in press), (2017)]

TEZ12064Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2019.Kaynakça (s. 45-49) var.xi, 50 s. :_res. (bzs. rnk.), tablo ;_29 cm.Pay getirilerinin tahmin edilmesi, finans literatüründe en çok araştırılan konulardan biridir. Piyasada işlem yapan yatırımcıların davranışlarını ve pay getirileri ile ilişkisini davranışsal finans çerçevesinde inceleyen çeşitli araştırmalar mevcuttur. Yatırımcıların karar almasında etkili psikolojik faktörlerin temeli yatırımcı duyarlılığı olup bu çalışmada risk iştahı endeksi yatırımcı duyarlılığı temsilcisi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bütün yatırımcıların amacı, riski göz önünde bulundurarak toplam getiriyi artırmaktır. Risk iştahı, yatırımcıların risk taşıma istekliliği olarak tanımlanmakta ve finansal piyasaların performansında belirleyici bir faktör olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, finansal piyasalarda riskin bir göstergesi olarak ülkemizde Aralık 2008 tarihinden itibaren hesaplanan Risk İştahı Endeksi (RİSE) ile pay getirileri arasında b...

Artykuł przedstawia najważniejsze fakty z dziejów spółki "Consolidierte Grünberger Gruben", która prowadziła wydobycie węgla brunatnego metodą podziemną w okolicach Zielonej Góry w latach 1841-1945. Była to jedna z najstarszych i najdłużej działających kopalń na Dolnym Śląsku. Niestety w latach powojennych wszelkie dokumenty i materiały jej dotyczące zostały zniszczone. Historia kopalni została odtworzona na podstawie opisów zachowanych w niemieckiej literaturze fachowej, a także nielicznych dokumentów przechowywanych w archiwach niemieckich. Artykuł przedstawia historię odkrycia węgla brunatnego w rejonie Zielonej Góry oraz rozwój spółki "Consolidierte Grünberger Gruben". Przedstawiono tereny, na których prowadzono wydobycie węgla brunatnego (metodą podziemną) a także geologiczne warunki jego występowania. Wspomniano także o innych kopalniach węgla brunatnego z okolic Zielonej Góry.

Streszczenie w niniejszej pracy pokazano jak z prostego zbioru elementów przy pomocy produkcji, operandów, produktów, stanów, operacji, procesów, predykatów, interpretacji, kwantów wiedzy i procesu ich scalania można zbudować nowatorską teorię świadomej maszyny, z której wynika możliwość odtwarzania struktur nieznanych operacji na podstawie automatycznej analizy wyników realizowanych przez nie procesów.

The study contains a description of the methods used to forecast the recovery of natural gas from UGS using the statistical estimation of the uncertainty of model parameters and obtained results. The results of forecasts (daily production volumes presented in volumetric units) are calculated in the form of probability distributions of the random variable. Sample calculations were performed for one of the Polish underground gas storage. Case study algorithms were implemented as Visual Basic procedures in the form of an EXCEL spreadsheet.

Streszczenie: W pracy przedstawiono wielokryterialny model wielkości zamówień materiałów używanych w produkcji. Pokazano na przykładzie zastosowanie modelu dla wyznaczenia wielkości zamówień na klej poliuretanowy, drewno kopalniane oraz stojaki stalowe cierne w jednej z kopalń węgla kamiennego. Słowa kluczowe: zaopatrzenie materiałowe, zagadnienia wielokryterialne. * Praca powstała w ramach realizacji projektu badawczego nr N N524 552038 "Wielokryterialne wspomaganie planowania i kontrolowania potrzeb materiałowych w przedsiębiorstwie górniczym" finansowanego przez Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego.

The systematics of threats to collective water supply systems requires multidirectional divisions. Technical risk is an
increasing function of negative impact. Technical safety is a decreasing function of possible harm. Both of these
measures can be identified with the risk of negative impact and the risk of harm. As a result of the solutions introduced
in this work, two new indicators for assessing risk to the security of collective water supply were proposed: the system
resilience index (Ir) and expected water production efficiency index (EWPEI). The paper gives examples of
applications of the method for determining EWPEI.

Les représentations imaginaires des hackers dans la science-fiction ont évolué depuis les années 1960. Les cyberpunks ont contribué à populariser l'image d'un individu révolté, souvent anarchiste, détenteur d'un pouvoir technologique considérable. Un panorama des oeuvres les plus connues mettant en scène des hackers est dressé. Neuromancien, Le Samourai Virtuel, Sword Art Online, Matrix ou Salvation sont les plus marquantes. Le hacker peut notamment être un héros défendant des valeurs libertariennes, ou un dangereux terroriste nuisible au genre humain. Ces fictions ont eu une influence sur les représentations de la cybercriminalité. Elles ont suscité des vocations chez les futurs informaticiens, et inspiré les recherches de spécialistes de cybersécurité. Au niveau économique, les hackerspaces s'appuient sur une philosophie inspirée par l'anarchisme numérique des cyberpunks. ABSTRACT. Imaginary representations of hackers in science fiction have evolved since the 1960s. Cyberpunks have helped popularize the image of a rebellious, often anarchical, individual, who wields considerable technological power. In this article, a panorama of the most famous works featuring hackers is drawn up. Neuromancer, Snow Crash, Sword Art Online, The Matrix or Salvation are the most notable. The hacker character can either be a hero defending libertarian values, or a dangerous terrorist harmful to the human race. These representations have, in turn, had an influence on representations of cybercrime. They have influenced vocations among future computer scientists, as well as inspired the research of cybersecurity specialists. At the economic level, hackerspaces are based on a philosophy inspired by the digital anarchism of cyberpunks.

La bande dessinée Invisible Force propose une réflexion sur l'influence de l'intelligence artificielle et de la manipulation des informations sur les réseaux sociaux dans les conflits du futur. Associant fiction et propos d'experts, cette science-fiction institutionnelle a pour but d'effectuer une prospective utile aux décideurs, mais aussi de communiquer une vision stratégique aux soldats. Elle vise aussi à sensibiliser le grand public aux enjeux géostratégiques de demain. Cette utilisation de la science-fiction à des fins de propagande militaire est de plus en plus répandue. Si les Anglo-saxons y ont recours depuis longtemps, cette pratique est aussi adoptée en France, où l'armée française a recruté des auteurs de science-fiction pour imaginer les guerres du futur à travers la Red Team. ABSTRACT. The graphic novel Invisible Force reflects on the influence of artificial intelligence as well as the manipulation of information on social networks in future conflicts. Combining fiction with the opinions of experts, this institutional science fiction aims to carry out a useful forecast for decision-makers, as well as to communicate a strategic vision to soldiers. It also aims to make the general public aware of the geostrategic issues of tomorrow; this use of science fiction for military propaganda purposes is becoming increasingly widespread. The English-speaking world has used it for a long time, and this practice has also been adopted in France. We see this in, for example, the fact that the French army recruited science fiction authors to imagine the wars of the future through the Red Team.

Payroll is one of the main operating costs of modern organisations. Defining salary levels is not a simple matter, as it requires evaluation of performance. Placing a value on work performed is a function of the assumptions and objectives resulting from, inter alia, the organisation's strategy and remuneration policy. Since techniques used in this evaluation are imperfect, the evaluation is frequently conducted in a discretionary, or even arbitrary, manner. An erroneous evaluation of performance causes many serious problems. Underestimating the value of work, i.e., determining its value at too low a level, decreases motivation to work and productivity and risks losing the best employees. Therefore, in this article the authors present selected methods of defining bonus funds from among more important and commonly practised techniques. They also present, in general terms, certain research areas in which the perspective of enterprise theory and remuneration theory is used to identi...

The Job Creation Effect of R&D Expenditures * In this study we use a unique database covering 25 manufacturing and service sectors for 16 European countries over the period 1996-2005, for a total of 2,295 observations, and apply GMM-SYS panel estimations of a demand-for-labour equation augmented with technology. We find that R&D expenditures have a job-creating effect, in accordance with the previous theoretical and empirical literature discussed in the paper. Interestingly enough, the labourfriendly nature of R&D emerges in both the flow and the stock specifications. These findings provide further justification for the European Lisbon-Barcelona targets.

A media firm's orientation toward R&D and innovation is largely determined by CEOs who frame market opportunities and drive investments in firm resources. As such, CEO's traits Exploring the Influence of CEO Traits on Media Firm Innovation and Performance 1 (age, tenure, career background, education) are known to be a predictor of firm R&D spending and attributed levels of innovation and firm performance. This paper explores how CEO traits influence levels of R&D-led innovation expenditure. It concludes that CEO traits had no influence on firm R&D expenditure and that a firm's 'Research Intensity' is primarily influence by their 'cultural orientation toward innovation' and the 'stage of the industry lifecycle' where it is competing.

Social innovation entered the academic discourse several decades ago and has since been seen as a way of tackling existing problems in various contexts. Although an extensive body of research has been conducted into the role of social innovation in urban context, there is still a gap when it comes to studying the role of social innovation in the development of rural areas. In this paper, an attempt is made to look at the role of Local Action Groups (LAGs) and Local Development Associations (LDAs) as promoters of social innovation in rural areas in Austria and Portugal, aiming to understand the role of such organisations and the challenges faced by the latter in promoting social innovation.

This study here suggests a classification of technologies based on taxonomic characteristics of interaction between technologies in complex systems that is not a studied research field in economics of technical change. The proposed taxonomy here categorizes technologies in four typologies, in a broad analogy with the ecology: 1) technological parasitism is a relationship between two technologies T1 and T2 in a complex system S where one technology T1 benefits from the interaction with T2, whereas T2 has a negative side from interaction with T1; 2) technological commensalism is a relationship between two technologies in S where one technology benefits from the other without affecting it; 3) technological mutualism is a relationship in which each technology benefits from the activity of the other within complex systems; 4) technological symbiosis is a long-term interaction between two (or more) technologies that evolve together in complex systems. This taxonomy systematizes the typologies of interactive technologies within complex systems and predicts their evolutionary pathways that generate stepwise coevolutionary processes of complex systems of technology. This study here begins the process of generalizing, as far as possible, critical typologies of interactive technologies that explain the long-run evolution of technology. The theoretical framework developed here opens the black box of the interaction between technologies that affects, with different types of technologies, the evolutionary pathways of complex systems of technology over time and space. Overall, then, this new theoretical framework may be useful for bringing a new perspective to categorize the gradient of benefit to technologies from interaction with other technologies that can be a ground work for development of more sophisticated concepts to clarify technological and economic change in human society.

Streszczenie. W artykule opisano ocenę wykorzystania ośmiu zasad zarządzania jakością przez pracowników administracyjnych i produkcyjnych w firmie mającej wdrożony System Zarządzania Jakością według normy ISO 9001. Przedsiębiorstwo zajmuje się produkcją elementów elektronicznych. Oceny dokonało 20 pracowników administracyjnych i 30 pracowników produkcyjnych. Za pomocą odpowiedniej ankiety przypisywali oni każdej z ośmiu zasad wartości od 1 do 10, adekwatnie do stopnia jej wykorzystywania w swojej działalności zawodowej. Wyniki ankiet wykazały istnienie istotnych różnic w postrzeganiu przydatności zasad zarządzania jakością przez pracowników administracyjnych i produkcyjnych.

The paper describes the possibility of using highefficiency motors to fans mill drives. Criteria for economic analysis of replacing standard motors by e nergy-saving ones are quoted. The results of this a nalysis are presented. Mathematical models of induction mot ors for dynamic tests are briefly described. Simula tion and measurement results of start-up for standard an d energy-saving motors used in fans mill drives are giv n. Advisability of such a replacement is presented in the paper conclusion.

The purpose of this research study is twofold. First to evaluate and compare the innovativeness of Greece relative to the European Union using indicators from the European innovation scoreboard and second to propose practices and techniques concerning the utilization of machine learning for modeling and analyzing innovation in general. Systematic analysis is conducted regarding the over-performance and the under-performance of Greece and the trends of these indicators over the years through statistical techniques and methods. Machine learning and advanced statistical methods are incorporated to ascertain the most important features that drive the variation of the summary innovation score of the European Union and Greece. Clusters and groups of correlated indicators are also specified. Our study provides preliminary explanations and evidence to help the country value its advantages and deal with its disadvantages. It also paves the way towards an analysis of innovation approach that has the potential to help us elucidate certain issues and deeply understand observations concerning Greece and beyond.

Prezentowany tekst powstał na prośbę organizatorów jubileuszu 40-lecia Katedry Górnictwa Odkrywkowego AGH. W artykule, który został potraktowany jako wstęp do poświęconej jubileuszowi książki, W artykule wskazano, że przesłankami rozwoju górnictwa odkrywkowego w Polsce są istniejąca bogata baza surowcowa, użyteczność wydobywania surowców tą metodą oraz ludzie, którzy umieją i chcą to robić.

Davranışsal finans perspektifinde yatırımcı duyarlılığını temsil eden risk iştahı göstergeleri, piyasalardaki bireysel, yabancı, kurumsal ve diğer yatırımcıların yatırım kararlarının şekillenmesinde etkili olmaktadır. Psikolojik faktörlerin piyasaları etkilemesinden dolayı, küresel ve yerel ölçekte tüm yatırımcılara ait korku, risk ve piyasalara dair iştahlarını ölçen endeks türlerinden bireylerin faydalanmakta olduğu görülmektedir. Yerel piyasalar, küresel finans piyasalarını etkileyen korku ve risk iştahı endekslerinin yanı sıra, kendi risk iştahı endekslerini de bu kapsamda değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmamızda bu doğrultuda, yerel risk iştahını temsil eden Yatırımcı Risk İştahı (RISE) Endeksi ile Borsa İstanbul 100 Endeksi (BIST100) ve dolar kuru (USD/TRY) arasındaki ilişki Toda-Yamamoto (1995) nedensellik analizi ile incelenmiştir. 04.01.2008-25.11.2022 tarih aralığı baz alınan dönemde, RISE Endeksinin haftalık değerleri ile BIST100 Endeksinin haftalık kapanış değerleri ve USD/TRY döviz kurunun haftalık ortalaması kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular neticesinde, BIST100 Endeksi ve USD/TRY kuru ortalamasından RISE Endeksine doğru nedensellik ilişkisinin tek yönlü olduğu sonucuna varılırken, RISE Endeksinden diğer değişkenlere doğru herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunamamıştır.

This paper contributes the analysis of the persistence of innovation activities, as measured by total factor productivity (TFP) and explores its internal and external determinants stressing its path dependent characteristics. The external conditions, namely the quality of local knowledge pools and the strength of the Schumpeterian rivalry, together with the internal conditions, that is the actual levels of dynamic capabilities, as proxied by the levels of wages and the size of firms, exert a specific and localized effect upon the persistent introduction of innovations. A Multiple Transition Probability Matrixes (MTPMs) approach has been implemented to grasp the contingent effects of external effects on the long-term innovation persistence. The empirical analysis of the dynamics of firm level TFP for a sample of about 7000 Italian manufacturing companies observed during the years1996-2005 is based on both the comparison of different transition probability matrixes and on dynamic discrete choice panel data models. The evidence provided by the test of MTPMs in sub-periods suggests that innovation persistence is path dependent, as opposed to past dependent.

Skonsolidowane sprawozdanie finansowe Grupy Kapitałowej Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej S.A. za rok obrotowy zakończony  31 grudnia 2020 roku oraz Sprawozdanie finansowe Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej S.A. za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia 2020 roku  zostały sporządzone zgodnie z Międzynarodowymi Standardami Sprawozdawczości Finansowej („MSSF”) zatwierdzonymi przez Unię  Europejską („UE”).

Przyjęte zasady rachunkowości stosowano przy zachowaniu zasady ciągłości we wszystkich prezentowanych latach  obrotowych. Zasady (polityka) rachunkowości zastosowane do sporządzenia sprawozdania finansowego zostały przedstawione  w poszczególnych notach sprawozdań.

W związku z nabyciem przez JSW dnia 20 maja 2019 roku 4 430 476 akcji spółki PBSz, stanowiących 95,01% kapitału zakładowego  skonsolidowane sprawozdanie z wyniku finansowego i innych całkowitych dochodów oraz skonsolidowane sprawozdanie z przepływów  pieniężnych za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia 2020 roku obejmuje dane tej spółki. Natomiast dane za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia  2019 roku obejmują dane spółki PBSz za okres 6 miesięcy zakończony 31 grudnia 2019 roku.

Skonsolidowane sprawozdanie finansowe Grupy Kapitałowej Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej S.A. za rok obrotowy zakończony  31 grudnia 2019 roku oraz Sprawozdanie finansowe Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej S.A. za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia 2019 roku  zostały sporządzone zgodnie z Międzynarodowymi Standardami Sprawozdawczości Finansowej („MSSF”) zatwierdzonymi przez Unię  Europejską („UE”). Przyjęte zasady rachunkowości stosowano przy zachowaniu zasady ciągłości we wszystkich prezentowanych latach  obrotowych. Zasady (polityka) rachunkowości zastosowane do sporządzenia sprawozdania finansowego zostały przedstawione  w poszczególnych notach sprawozdań.

Niniejsze sprawozdanie jest zgodne z wymogami przepisów prawa i regulacjami instytucji rynku kapitałowego odnoszącymi się do zakresu
sprawozdań z działalności. Sprawozdanie to zostało sporządzone przy zachowaniu zasady spójności wewnętrznej dokumentu oraz zgodności
ze Skonsolidowanym sprawozdaniem finansowym Grupy Kapitałowej Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej S.A. za rok obrotowy zakończony  31 grudnia 2019 roku oraz Sprawozdaniem finansowym Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej S.A. za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia 2019 roku.

W związku z nabyciem przez JSW dnia 20 maja 2019 roku 4 430 476 akcji spółki PBSz, stanowiących 95,01% kapitału zakładowego  Skonsolidowane sprawozdanie z sytuacji finansowej na dzień 31 grudnia 2019 roku obejmuje dane finansowe tej spółki. Skonsolidowane  sprawozdanie z wyniku finansowego i innych całkowitych dochodów oraz Skonsolidowane sprawozdanie z przepływów pieniężnych uwzględnia  dane finansowe spółki PBSz za okres 6 miesięcy zakończony 31 grudnia 2019 roku

Skonsolidowane sprawozdanie finansowe Grupy Kapitałowej Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej SA. za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia 2018 roku oraz Sprawozdanie finansowe Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej SA. za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia 2018 roku zostały sporządzone zgodnie z Międzynarodowymi Standardami Sprawozdawczości Finansowej (,MSSF") zatwierdzonymi przez Unię Europejską („UE"). Przyjęte zasady rachunkowości stosowano przy zachowaniu zasady ciągłości we wszystkich prezentowanych latach obrotowych. Zasady (polityka) rachunkowości zastosowane do sporządzenia sprawozdania finansowego zostały przedstawione
w poszczególnych notach sprawozdań.
Niniejsze sprawozdanie jest zgodne z wymogami przepisów prawa i regulacjami instytucji rynku kapitałowego odnoszącymi się do zakresu sprawozdań z działalności. Sprawozdanie to zostało sporządzone przy zachowaniu zasady spójności wewnętrznej dokumentu oraz zgodności ze Skonsolidowanym sprawozdaniem finansowym Grupy Kapitałowej Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej S.A. za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia 2018 roku oraz Sprawozdaniem finansowym Jastrzębskiej Spółki Węglowej S.A. za rok obrotowy zakończony 31 grudnia 2018 roku.^

Objectives: In this study we investigated the susceptibility profiles against macrolides and lincosamides of 85 C. striatum strains isolated at a clinical centre in Sousse (Tunisia). Methods: The strains were identified by the routine biochemical assays and then confirmed by Vitek-Maldi-Tof-MS. MIC's of erythromycin and clindamycin were determined using the microdilution method. The detection of erm(X), erm(B), msr(A), mph(A) and mef(A-E) resistance genes was performed by PCR. The strains were typed by PFGE using XbaI. Results: Sixty-nine (81.17%) strains were resistant to erythromycin, 58 (67.44%) strains were resistant to clindamycin. There was a high correlation between the resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin and the presence of erm(X) gene in 85.50% and 89.65% respectively. The erm(B) gene was detected in 21(24.70%) strains whereas, no others genes were detected in our strains collection. By PFGE, the 85 strains belonged to 18 different clones. Conclusion: erm(X) is implicated in macrolide resistance for almost all the Corynebacterium strains analyzed in our study. Other resistance genes like erm(B) must also be implicated in this resistance, although its presence seems to be unusual in previously reported studies.

Objectives: In this study we investigated the susceptibility profiles against macrolides and lincosamides of 85 C. striatum strains isolated at a clinical centre in Sousse (Tunisia). Methods: The strains were identified by the routine biochemical assays and then confirmed by Vitek-Maldi-Tof-MS. MIC's of erythromycin and clindamycin were determined using the microdilution method. The detection of erm(X), erm(B), msr(A), mph(A) and mef(A-E) resistance genes was performed by PCR. The strains were typed by PFGE using XbaI. Results: Sixty-nine (81.17%) strains were resistant to erythromycin, 58 (67.44%) strains were resistant to clindamycin. There was a high correlation between the resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin and the presence of erm(X) gene in 85.50% and 89.65% respectively. The erm(B) gene was detected in 21(24.70%) strains whereas, no others genes were detected in our strains collection. By PFGE, the 85 strains belonged to 18 different clones. Conclusion: erm(X) is implicated in macrolide resistance for almost all the Corynebacterium strains analyzed in our study. Other resistance genes like erm(B) must also be implicated in this resistance, although its presence seems to be unusual in previously reported studies.

Knowledge-driven economy tends to enjoy tremendous technological transformation due to rapid advances in new technologies, which have given rise to a disruptive technological revolution known as the "Industry 4.0 or Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)" with profound impacts on firms. The adoption of Internet-based technological innovations (IBTI) indicates a critical paradigm shift that transforms the status quo by which firms' relationships are built across borders, compete in markets, interact with their customers and ensures the flow of economic benefits. However, there is limited study known in the literature to have assessed the adoption dynamics and phenomena of IBTI in industrial clusters, and also the evidence on the impact of the technological innovations on the performance of industrial clusters in Nigeria are scarce. The results show that despite the low level of investment and expenditure on Internet-based systems and infrastructure in the Nigerian fast-moving consumer goods clusters, the adoption of IBTI have beneficial effects on firms' capabilities and growth, customer relationships, product/service features and firm's reputation. Holistically, the study reveals that the level of the adoption of IBTI is significantly low as the fast-moving consumer goods firms still currently utilize a combination of IBTI with internally owned IT systems in operations. This is an indication that the fast-moving consumer goods industry is still a late majority adopter of the disruptive technologies. This poses a threat to the industry, especially in this era of 4IR. Thus, the Nigerian industrial sector needs to be proactive and keep up with the rising use of disruptive and digital technologies, so as to maintain their competitive advantage.

On the anniversary of the disaster in the Zofiówka mine, where five miners died after a strong shock on May 5, 2018, current activities aimed at improving safety in JSW mines were presented.

The collapse in the Jastrzębie mine, caused by a strong rock mass shock, occurred on Saturday, May 5 before noon. After the earthquake, seven miners working 900 m underground were searched for. Rescuers reached two of them after a few hours, they were injured. The rest did not survive the accident - the body of the last of the searched workers was found by rescuers on the 11th day of the rescue operation conducted in extreme conditions. It ended on May 19 - within two weeks, a total of approximately 2.5 thousand people participated in the action.

The implementation of innovative solutions to improve miners' safety are the most important recommendations of two expert teams appointed by the president of JSW, Daniel Ozon, after the disaster. After analyzing the rescue operation, the teams identified solutions that would improve employee safety and facilitate possible rescue operations. Hence, among others decision to establish and appropriately equip the JSW central rescue warehouse in Zofiówka.

In addition, the team prepared recommendations to improve the operation of mine rescue stations. This concerns, for example, the work of rescuers in a four-shift system and their equipment, among others. with modern thermal imaging equipment or other equipment for scanning workings. Additionally, traffic dispatchers will have at their disposal a system enabling simulation of changes in the mine's ventilation - this will facilitate the rescue operation in its first stage. After the experience from the rescue operation in Zofiówka, a decision was made to start testing new rescue devices and select the best ones for JSW rescuers.

The second team of experts worked on developing guidelines for improving communication standards, identification and monitoring of workers staying underground. Recently, JSW has chosen a technology that will monitor miners in real time - a solution based on the radio signal measurement method (RSS), which was the best during the tests. 170 km of optical fibers and 242 km of radiating cable were purchased to build the system.

The digital revolution of the raw materials consortium described in the monograph explains  and documents the digital transformation that took place in the JSW mines in the years 2016÷2020. The book covered processes related to underground computerization, radio  communication, monitoring of occupational safety conditions, automation and the use of
advanced data analytics to make management decisions. It presents the experience gained by  entire research teams in the result of realizing strategic projects for nearly four years,  documenting the greatest technological breakthrough in the Polish mining industry in years.

The DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION of Poland's key raw material consortium  on the one hand allowed for  the implementation of strategic efficiency programmes such as QUALITY and EFFICIENCY,  but what is equally important, it allowed for the elimination of the huge technological debt with  which Jastrzębska Spółka Węglowa S.A. has been dealing with it basically since its  establishment in 1993 and in the subsequent years of its operation.
This debt, growing year by  year, strangled the technological innovativeness of the JSW S.A., especially in the years  2000÷2015, paralyzing the implementation of advanced IT projects and not recognizing the OT area at all, the implementation of which could have significantly improved the production  monitoring and control processes in the JSW mines.

We investigate how U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) patent examiner experience and seniority-based incentives affect the innovation ecosystem. First, we show that examiners respond to production incentives and demonstrate learning by increasing the use of examiner's amendments in both experience and seniority, a mechanism not previously studied. Second, this examination procedure directly benefits innovators and firms by significantly reducing prosecution processing time without impacting patent quality. Finally, after considering * The views expressed are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily reflect official positions of the Office of Chief Economist or the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office. USPTO Economic Working Papers are preliminary research being shared in a timely manner with the public in order to stimulate discussion, scholarly debate, and critical comment. † Authors listed alphabetically examiner's amendments, the negative relationship between examiner characteristics and patent examination quality found in the previous literature does not persist at first action, a decision point that allows for the clear measurement of examiner behavior. Our results demonstrate a need for reformulated policy recommendations related to the structure of examination at the USPTO.

The research objective was to analyze the role of ethical climate as a foundation for internal Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and employee performance. The methodology used is a causal study to test the effect by using a survey of 400 employees Holding of state-owned defense, industry randomly selected nonmanagers. The results showed that ethical climate directs internal CSR activities as a realization of ethical awareness in the environment. Employees have an ethical responsibility to restore the goodness of the company to employees in real terms according to the company's demands in the form of optimal performance. The values, beliefs, and ethical atmosphere felt by employees are the reasons for implementing CSR. Internal CSR raises employees' awareness of the company's care and attention, which in turn increases the moral obligation to work optimally for the common good. Ethical climate is guidance for companies and individuals to be involved in collective effo...

This study aims to analyse how contemporary stakeholder-engagement methods can enhance and acknowledge stakeholders' voices in the CSS and ensure better outcomes. Hence, this paper aims to narrow this gap by developing specific aspect profiles for sustainability strategies. The method of the current study relied on both primary data and secondary data. Hence, a questionnaire survey was developed to collect the required data. While, secondary data sources are obtained through the website sustainabilityexcellence.com. The data processing techniques were carried out using Stata 16 software and using the Multiple Linear Regression method. The sample of the study consisted of 422 people from different Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) i.e. Saudi Arabia, UAE, Bahrain, Kuwait and Oman. The results revealed a high degree of stakeholders' perception of corporate sustainability strategies in the GCC. Also, people are aware and ready to afford the cost and efforts to generate more reliable and advanced strategies that promote corporate sustainability. The study also underscores three suggested recommendations that are based on a novel model (Reachable, Meaningful, and Fun "RMF"), as each element of this model is a recommendation that It believed to be highly-impactful actions that supports corporate leaders/teams to engage more fruitfully with stakeholder (more specifically customers and communities) and enrich the CSS. Lastly, this research effort is concluded with implications on the suggested recommendation (RMF), followed by some of the most critical takeaways for our corporate practices. The paper helps companies that already commit to sustainability to verify whether they are consistent in the implementation of a distinct sustainability strategy.

W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę systemów lokalizacji, monitoringu i sterowania stosowanych w podziemnych zakładach górniczych. Opisany został protokół Zigbee zastosowany w kopalniach węgla kamiennego oraz rodzaje topologii łączenia sensorów bezprzewodowo. Zaproponowano koncepcję optymalizacji obecnie istniejącego systemu detekcji ludzi i urządzeń za pomocą wprowadzenia innowacyjnego rozwiązania tzw. inteligentnego zegarka w celu poprawy szeroko rozumianego bezpieczeństwa pracy kopalni. Opisano budowę, schemat działania oraz konstrukcję nowoczesnego rozwiązania tzw. inteligentnego zegarka. Przedstawiono potencjalne korzyści wynikające z wdrożenia prezentowanego w artykule rozwiązania.

Zabezpieczenia prawno-finansowe dla naprawy skutków działalności górniczej w środowisku Streszczenie: Górnictwo mimo, że dostarcza gospodarce i społeczeństwu niezbędne surowce mineralne warunkujące rozwój gospodarczy i cywilizacyjny postrzegane jest głównie przez pryzmat negatywnych oddziaływań, szczególnie na środowisko. Nie bierze się pod uwagę, że jak żadna gałąź przemysłu w Polsce, działalność górnicza obwarowana jest systemem prawno-finansowym gwarantującym naprawę i rekompensatę skutków eksploatacji złóż kopalin. W referacie poruszono problem zabezpieczeń prawno-finansowych, jakie ustawodawca przewidział dla naprawy ewentualnych skutków działalności górniczej. Omówiono zagadnienia związane z zajmowaniem terenów pod działalność górniczą oraz rekompensaty za zmianę sposobu użytkowania gruntów, a także obowiązki rekultywacyjne przedsiębiorstw górniczych. Przedstawiono zabezpieczenia, fundusze i gwarancje finansowe na zlikwidowanie negatywnych skutków eksploatacji złóż kopalin, zabezpieczenie roszczeń mogących powstać wskutek wykonywania działalności objętej koncesją oraz zabezpieczenie na przypadek niewykonania lub nienależytego wykonania warunków koncesji. Omówiono zmiany wprowadzone 11 lipca 2014 r. nowelizacją Prawa geologicznego i górniczego odnoszące się do zakresu koncesji dotyczącej poszukiwania i rozpoznawania złóż węglowodorów. Przedstawiono zagadnienie tworzenia funduszu likwidacji zakładu górniczego. Obok zagadnień typowo górniczych poruszono również problem tworzenia gwarancji finansowych na pokrycie kosztów funkcjonowania, zamknięcia oraz rekultywacji obiektów unieszkodliwiania odpadów wydobywczych kategorii A. Omówione w artykule formy zabezpieczeń i gwarancji finansowych zapewniają środki na naprawę skutków działalności górniczej, w tym również środki rekompensujące szkody nawet w sytuacji niewypłacalności przedsiębiorców, np. wskutek utraty rentowności zakładu. Liczne przykłady z górnictwa podziemnego, odkrywkowego i otworowego potwierdzają, że polskie górnictwo wywiązuje się z obowiązków nie tylko naprawy skutków, ale tworzy też nowe wartości użytkowe na oddawanych terenach.

Ród Lutosławskich jest zasłużony dla polskiej kultury, nauki i sztuki. Pośród jego przedstawicieli znajduje się także inżynier Jerzy (1904-1974), menedżer, a wraz z narastającym doświadczeniem zawodowym także autor i tłumacz publikacji z zakresu problemów zarządzania organizacjami. Jego zapomniany i niedoceniany dorobek ukazywał się w mało sprzyjającym czasie i niesłusznie przeszedł prawie niezauważony, a był znaczący i oryginalny. IV Kongres Nauk o Zarządzaniu jest dobrą okazją do przypomnienia jego wkładu i zasług dla nauk o zarządzaniu w Polsce, ale także w działalność TNOiK, tego znaczącego autora i działacza.

The paper examines the processes of managing innovation and investment activity of enterprises with the complex use of marketing management tools. It is clarified that modern competitive challenges force enterprises to strengthen innovation and investment activity, which is no longer considered as one of the possible goals, but as a critical and vital condition for the enterprise operation. Theoretical provisions and conceptual-and-categorical apparatus of the research of marketing management tools for the marketing management of innovation and investment activity of enterprises are generalized. It is established that innovation and investment activity of the enterprise can be defined as the processes of directing and regulating relations aimed to create and implement innovations and investments into the objects of business and other types of activities in order to make a profit or get some other effects. The necessity of reorientation of traditional management of innovation and inv...

Streszczenie: Ważną cechą rynków energii jest występowanie gwałtownych zmian cen. Skoki cen są zwyczajnym zjawiskiem na rynkach energii, przy tym ich występowanie jest częstsze, a zmiany wartości są gwałtowniejsze niż na innych rynkach towarowych czy finansowych. W artykule w celu identyfikacji skoków wykorzystano metody oparte na: analizie kwantylowej, kryterium Tukeya, rekurencyjnym filtrze cen oraz nieparametrycznej technice Barndorffa-Nielsena i Shepharda. Przeprowadzono analizę sezonowości skoków cen energii elektrycznej w okresie zimowym/letnim, dniach tygodnia oraz godzinach doby. Za pomocą procesu Hawkesa wskazano na występowanie grupowania skoków cen. Analizę przeprowadzono na podstawie danych pochodzących z rynku dnia następnego giełdy Nord Pool. Wyniki pracy pozwalają lepiej zrozumieć mechanizm powstawania skoków cen oraz dostarczają cennych wskazówek pomocnych w konstrukcji zaawansowanych struktur stochastycznych wykorzystywanych w prognozowaniu skoków oraz cen energii elektrycznej.

The corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance of a company enhances a company's credibility, thereby influencing the perception of its stakeholders in improving the corporate reputation of a company. This study examines this claim by empirically investigating the CSR performance of India's top 100 companies and its impact on their reputational status. We have employed the panel-corrected standard error model by controlling companies' financial performance, size, age, and market risk to analyze the impact of CSR performance on reputation. The result of the analysis is contradictory to the common belief that CSR positively impacts reputation building. Although this study is not novel in nature, it is incremental to the current literature as this study is conducted from an Indian perspective (where no study has been conducted as per our knowledge). This study uses data that are more objective and concrete than those of previous studies, making this study another valuable addition to the extant literature as it is an improvement over the previous study.

We compare measures of total factor productivity (TFP) to independent measures of ICT diffusion and technological change in New Zealand and a collection of OECD countries. The measures of technological change are investment quality (investment specific technological change or IST) and direct measures of ICT diffusion available in aggregate and in the industrial data for New Zealand. TFP growth is generally uncorrelated and sometimes negatively correlated with the independent measures of technological change. These findings are consistent with two views. First that TFP is not a measure of technological change but ideally (often not operationally) is a measure of free lunches associated with such change. Second, that the productivity bonuses from technological change usually occur with significant temporal lags. Thus, TFP is not a contemporaneous measure of the free lunches from technological change. We conclude that New Zealand is experiencing a similar growth phenomenon to that of many other OECD economies. The general purpose technology of electronic ICT has been diffusing since the mid-1970's through a costly investment process that requires many complementary investments to exploit the economic potential of this GPT and the productivity benefits are only recently emerging in most cases. We also conclude that the recent low productivity growth in New Zealand is not necessarily cause for alarm from policy makers. This is because New Zealand like many other OECD economies is investing in technology that has a potentially high future output payoff even if it is not measurable in the TFP statistic.