The student conducted an experiment to prepare a powdered detergent using soap chips, sodium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and tergitol as raw materials. The resulting detergent weighed 100.82 grams and had a pH of 9.77. While it formed suds and was effective like commercial detergents, its texture was coarser. It is recommended to use finer soap chips and solid sodium sulfate for a better product texture.
The student conducted an experiment to prepare a powdered detergent using soap chips, sodium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and tergitol as raw materials. The resulting detergent weighed 100.82 grams and had a pH of 9.77. While it formed suds and was effective like commercial detergents, its texture was coarser. It is recommended to use finer soap chips and solid sodium sulfate for a better product texture.
The student conducted an experiment to prepare a powdered detergent using soap chips, sodium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and tergitol as raw materials. The resulting detergent weighed 100.82 grams and had a pH of 9.77. While it formed suds and was effective like commercial detergents, its texture was coarser. It is recommended to use finer soap chips and solid sodium sulfate for a better product texture.
The student conducted an experiment to prepare a powdered detergent using soap chips, sodium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and tergitol as raw materials. The resulting detergent weighed 100.82 grams and had a pH of 9.77. While it formed suds and was effective like commercial detergents, its texture was coarser. It is recommended to use finer soap chips and solid sodium sulfate for a better product texture.
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Tugaoen, Sam Denielle S.
Date Performed: October 10 & 14, 2016
3 – CheB Date Submitted: December 10, 2016
Experiment No. 2 Preparation of Powdered Detergent
INTRODUCTION
Detergent is a surfactant, or a mixture of surfactants, which acts as a cleaning
agent that increases the ability of water to penetrate through fabric and break down greases or dirt. [1] Normally, water molecules have strong attraction to each other which causes surface tension [2]. By reducing this effect, water soaks more easily in clothes and removes stains faster. A type of detergent used for laundry is the anionic detergent [3] and a detergent may be liquid, powdered or solid. Generally, powdered detergents are cheaper since they are easier to make and sometimes also used for other cleaning purposes.
The objective of this experiment is to prepare a powdered detergent that is
comparable to commercial ones and to know the raw materials used in the manufacturing of detergents. METHODOLOGY Ingredients:
A piece of laundry bar soap (in this case, perla) was grated into fine dry soap chips that weighed 150 grams. The soap chips were mixed with sodium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate and tergitol. The resulting mixture was mixed by hand and transferred to a jar. In the jar, the mixture was mixed again by shaking the jar.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The final output of powdered detergent can be summarized by table 1. Table 1. Composition of Finished Powdered Detergent
Weight of Soap Chips 60g
Weight of Sodium Sulfate 60g Weight of STPP 30g Weight of tergitol 0.15g Weight of Detergent produced 100.82g pH 9.77
Table 2 shows the comparison between commercial detergent and the detergent produced from this experiment. The texture of the produced detergent is not as fine as the commercial ones, there were still bulk powders of detergent formed. Also, the detergent was able to produce suds as it was dissolved in water.
Suds Formation = Texture ≠ Effectiveness =
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Oils and fats are still used as base ingredients in powdered detergents in the form of soap chips. The soap produced weighs about 100 grams with a pH of 9.77. Comparing the produced detergent to commercial ones available in the market, the texture is not as fine but exhibits suds formation and effectiveness as that of the commercial ones.
It is recommended to use other brands of detergent and to find other means in
which the soap chips will be finely grated. Also, using solid sodium sulfate would yield to a better product because it doesn’t need to be dried anymore. REFERENCES [1]. Ali, M. F., Ph.D, & Speight, J. G., Ph.D. (2005). Handbook of Industrial Chemistry: Organic Chemicals. New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Education. [2]. Jung, J. (2013). Surface Tension. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/tension.html [3]. Investigating enzymes used in laundry detergents. (n.d.). Retrieved December 08, 2016, from http://www.nuffieldfoundation.org/practical-biology/investigating- enzymes-used-laundry-detergents
